An Optimization of Multiple Route Selection in Flying Ad Hoc Network

Abstract

Routing in Flying Ad Hoc Networks (FANETs) poses challenges because of their dynamic topology and limited resources. Developing effective routing protocols (RPs) is essential to enhancing the network's Quality of Service (QoS). An example of such a protocol is the Multipath Energy-efficient and Predictive Fuzzy Logic with Consistent Link-based Copy Adaptive Transmit-based Routing Protocol (MEPFL-CLCT-RP), which utilizes backup paths based on link survival probabilities to improve the data communication and network performance. However, the protocol faces issues such as high complexity and routing overhead, particularly in environments with high mobility, which can affect scalability. This paper proposes a novel approach by incorporating the Hippopotamus Optimization Algorithm (HOA) with MEPFL-CLCT-RP for FANETs. The proposed HOA-MEPFL-CLCT-RP uses a Fuzzy Logic (FL) system to identify several suboptimal routes connecting the origin and target nodes. The HOA then ranks and selects the most reliable backup path by evaluating potential routes based on their link survival probability. This technique minimizes routing overhead and delays, ensuring smooth transitions to backup paths during link failures. Simulation results indicate that HOA-MEPFL-CLCT-RP outperforms existing models in terms of Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), energy efficiency, End-to-End Delay (E2D), and routing overhead.