Development and Characterization of Sustainable Al6061–Bone Ash Bio-Composites for Metal Additive Manufacturing

Authors

  • Sibinraj R. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Acharya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru – 560107, Karnataka, India.
  • Raju M. G. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Acharya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru – 560107, Karnataka, India.
  • Divya N. C. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Acharya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru – 560107, Karnataka, India.
  • Prajwal Sandyal Department of Mechanical Engineering, Acharya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru – 560107, Karnataka, India.
  • Shashikala Anantharam Department of Mechanical Engineering, Acharya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru – 560107, Karnataka, India.
  • Shrimukhi G. Shastry Department of Mechanical Engineering, RNS Institute of Technology, Bengaluru – 560107, Karnataka, India.
  • Ashwin A. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Acharya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru – 560107, Karnataka, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70917/ijcisim-2026-5102

Keywords:

Al6061 Alloy, Bone Powder, Powder Metallurgy, Metal Matrix Composite, Mechanical Characterization, Sustainable Materials, artificial intelligence, Machine learning, Material optimization, Powder Feedstock, Metal Additive Manufacturing

Abstract

Metal matrix composites (MMCs) have attracted increasing interest in advanced manufacturing because of their high specific strength, lightweight characteristics, and potential for engineering applications. The development of sustainable reinforcement materials has become an important research direction for improving the performance of aluminium-based composites while reducing dependence on conventional reinforcement materials. In this study, Al6061 alloy reinforced with bone powder was developed using the powder metallurgy technique to investigate the influence of bio-derived reinforcement on the mechanical and wear-related properties of the composite. Composite specimens containing different weight percentages of bone powder were prepared through controlled powder mixing, compaction, and sintering processes. The fabricated specimens were experimentally evaluated through hardness, compressive strength, and wear tests to establish the relationship between reinforcement content, processing conditions, and material performance. The obtained experimental results were analysed to identify the influence of bone-powder reinforcement on the measured properties and to determine the most suitable reinforcement condition. The generated experimental dataset also provides a foundation for the application of artificial intelligence and machine-learning techniques for predicting material behaviour and identifying suitable processing conditions in future studies. The developed bio-reinforced Al6061 composite therefore demonstrates potential as a sustainable material for advanced engineering applications and provides a basis for future data-driven material development and optimization. Key words: Al6061 Alloy, Bone Powder, Powder Metallurgy, Metal Matrix Composite, Mechanical Characterization, Sustainable Materials, artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Material optimization Powder Feedstock, Metal Additive Manufacturing.

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Published

2026-08-24

How to Cite

Sibinraj R., Raju M. G., Divya N. C., Prajwal Sandyal, Shashikala Anantharam, Shrimukhi G. Shastry, & Ashwin A. (2026). Development and Characterization of Sustainable Al6061–Bone Ash Bio-Composites for Metal Additive Manufacturing. International Journal of Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management Applications, 18(19s), 1087–1095. https://doi.org/10.70917/ijcisim-2026-5102

Issue

Vol. 18 No. 19s (2026)

Section

Original Articles