Modeling the Interdependent Dimensions of Urban Green Space Use: A Perception-Based Analysis in Tabuk City, Philippines

Abstract

This research explores the role of perception-based, interdependently identified factors on urban green space usage in Tabuk City, Philippines. The study, which involved 376 households via survey, examines four dimensions - green space usage, accessibility, environmental safety, and health perception - using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multivariate models. The findings show a very high positive interrelationship between accessibility, safety, and health (r > 0.80), suggesting that these factors interact as a single construct perceived by users rather than separate factors. The findings of multiple regression reveal no significant individual effects, reflecting the presence of multicollinearity and implying that green space use reflects a synthesis of cross-influencing effects. The study provides evidence for abandoning mainstream single-variable approaches and embracing multidimensional urban experience-based approaches. This research offers methodological insights by reinterpreting multicollinearity as substantive evidence of interdependent perception and empirical validation for dimensionally inclusive urban green space planning in fast urbanizing regions.