Building Strong Single Sign-On Solutions in IoHT Environments Based on Blockchain Technology

Abstract

The Internet of Health Things (IoHT) refers to an interconnected network of healthcare devices, software, and systems that facilitate remote healthcare services. While beneficial, IoHT devices often have insufficient processing power and security, creating significant vulnerabilities. Blockchain has been proposed as a solution, but its resource-intensive nature can hinder the scalability and time efficiency required for large-scale IoHT systems. To address these challenges, this study introduces a novel authentication framework specifically for IoHT environments. Our proposed scheme integrates a 3D chaotic-based public key cryptosystem with blockchain-enabled fog computing to enhance both security and performance. Therefore, these issues pose obstacles to achieving optimal scalability and time efficiency, which are essential factors for the effective operation of vast, time-sensitive IoHT systems. To achieve this objective, the present study introduces an authentication technique that is specifically designed for IoHT systems. Our authentication scheme consists of three phases: setup, registration, single sign-on (SSO), and login and authentication. To enhance efficiency and scalability, the proposed scheme employs a combination of 3D chaotic-based public key cryptosystems and blockchain-based fog computing technologies. Formal security verification using the Scyther tool confirms that the protocol is robust and finds no attack vulnerabilities within the specified bounds. Furthermore, our analysis demonstrates that the scheme is secure against a range of critical threats, including Man-in-the-Middle (MITM), replay, Sybil, and 51% attacks. Crucially, the performance results show that our approach achieves superior scalability and security. These findings establish our framework as a practical and secure solution for deploying strong, efficient single sign-on systems in time-sensitive IoHT environments.