Shraddha N. Zanjat, Mangesh D. Nikose and Prakash Burade (2026) “A Metaheuristic-Driven Energy-Optimized LEACH Protocol for QoS-Aware and Scalable Routing in Heterogeneous WSNs”, International Journal of Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management Applications, 18(7s), pp. 814–840. doi: 10.70917/ijcisim-2026-3153.