Correlation Study on 15-Minute Urban Living Circle Accessibility and Residents’ Well-Being Using Multi-Source Spatiotemporal Data

Abstract

This study utilized publicly available multi-source spatiotemporal data to analyze the relationship between the accessibility of the 15-minute urban living circle and residents' well-being. Taking a high-density urban area in Shanghai as an example, the data sources included GIS data, point-of-interest data, transportation network data, public transportation station data, demographic information, and publicly available well-being proxy indicators. Through network-based travel time calculation and standardized accessibility index, the accessibility of education, healthcare, commercial facilities, and green spaces was measured at the community level, and these indicators were further compared and analyzed with community-level well-being proxy variables, while considering some social demographic control variables. The results showed that there were significant differences among different facility types and different communities. Among them, the overall accessibility of commercial and service facilities was relatively high, while the spatial distribution of green spaces was more uneven. The regression analysis results also indicated that in this study area, the correlations between green space and healthcare accessibility and well-being proxy indicators were relatively stronger, while the correlations between education and commercial facilities were weaker. However, these results should be regarded as statistical correlations rather than causal explanations. This study provides a method for connecting objective accessibility measures with public well-being indicators at the community scale, which can be used to identify potential service gaps and provide references for the optimal allocation of resources within the 15-minute living circle.