Proximity Coupling and Defected Ground Structure for Enhanced 2x1 MIMO Microstrip Patch Antenna Performance in UWB Applications

Abstract

This research paper introduces an innovative method aimed at improving the performance of a 2x1 MIMO circular microstrip patch antenna (MPA) precisely designed for Ultra-Wideband (UWB) requests. The investigation utilizes the Proximity Coupling feeding technique alongside a Defected Ground Structure (DGS) to enhance critical performance indicators such as bandwidth, gain, and signal reliability. The antenna, with dimensions of 25x15 mm, shows notable progress in reducing mutual coupling and increasing isolation among the antenna elements, which are essential for efficient MIMO functionality. The incorporation of DGS is demonstrated to optimize the electromagnetic characteristics of the antenna's ground plane, further boosting its performance by minimizing unwanted radiation modes and improving impedance matching. Detailed simulations performed using High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software indicate that the proposed MIMO antenna achieves a reoccurrence loss of -15.9 dB, a gain of 2.417 dB, and a directivity of 4.35 dB at a resonant frequency of 4.83 GHz, with a Diversity Gain surpassing 10.00 dB. These findings highlight the efficacy of the proposed design in addressing the growing requirements for high data rates and enhanced signal quality in contemporary wireless communication systems. The results contribute to the ongoing advancement of antenna technology, providing valued perceptions for future research and progress in this domain.